Definition
Surah Al-Mu'min (Ghafir) is the 40th surah of the Quran, a Makki surah with nine ruku and 85 verses — the first of the seven "Hawameem" surahs (those beginning with the disjointed letters Ha-Meem): Al-Mu'min (Ghafir), Ha-Meem As-Sajdah (Fussilat), Ash-Shura, Az-Zukhruf, Ad-Dukhan, Al-Jathiyah, and Al-Ahqaf.
It opens describing Allah's attributes: He is the Forgiver of sin, the Acceptor of repentance, and severe in punishment, and the Quran is a revelation from Him.
Definition
Only those who disbelieve dispute concerning the verses of the Quran. The people of Nuh and other nations before them likewise denied their messengers, trying to seize them and extinguish the truth through falsehood, so Allah seized them with severe punishment. The bearers of the Throne and the angels around it glorify Allah and pray for the forgiveness of the believers.
Definition
When Musa (AS) invited Pharaoh to Tawheed, Pharaoh ordered the sons of believers to be killed.
A believing man from Pharaoh's own household, who had concealed his faith, stood up in support of Musa (AS), arguing that no one should be killed merely for saying "My Lord is Allah", and warned his people of the fate of earlier nations.
In his arrogance, Pharaoh ordered Haman to build a lofty tower so he could "reach the God of Musa", but his scheme failed, and Pharaoh and his people were eventually overtaken by Allah's punishment.
Definition
The people of Hell will be quarrelling angrily among themselves, the weak blaming the arrogant. They will ask Hell's keepers to pray for a lighter punishment for even one day; the angels will reply, "Did not your messengers bring you clear proofs?" — and tell them to pray themselves, though the prayer of disbelievers is in vain.
Definition
Signs of Allah's perfect power are described — cattle, ships, the alternation of day and night, and the stages of man's creation. Those who dispute Allah's signs without justification are warned that on the Day of Judgment chains will be placed around their necks and they will be dragged through boiling water and thrown into the Fire. The Prophet ﷺ is commanded to be patient, seek forgiveness, and glorify Allah morning and evening.
Rule
Al-Mu'min 40:93-94 (prayer for deliverance from divine punishment and the wrongdoers) — رَبِّ اِمَّا تُرِيَنِّىۡ مَا يُوۡعَدُوۡنَ رَبِّ فَلَا تَجۡعَلۡنِىۡ فِى الۡقَوۡمِ الظّٰلِمِيۡنَ — Translation: My Lord, if You should show me that which they are promised, then, my Lord, do not place me among the wrongdoing people.
Quick Recap
- ●Surah Al-Mu'min (Ghafir): 40th surah, Makki, 9 ruku, 85 verses; first of the 7 "Hawameem" surahs
- ●Allah: Forgiver of sin, Acceptor of repentance, severe in punishment; only disbelievers dispute His signs
- ●Musa (AS)/Pharaoh: a hidden believer defends Musa; Pharaoh's tower scheme to "reach Musa's God" fails; Pharaoh's people punished
- ●People of Hell quarrel; angels: your messengers came with proofs, pray for yourselves (in vain)
- ●Signs of power: cattle, ships, day/night, human creation; disputers get chains and boiling water
- ●Key verse: 40:93-94 — prayer for deliverance from wrongdoers
